Data and Code for: A Thousand Cuts: Cumulative Lead Exposure Reduces Academic Achievement

Principal Investigator(s):  View help for Principal Investigator(s) Alex Hollingsworth, Indiana University; Jiafang Huang, Cornell University; Ivan Rudik, Cornell University; Nicholas J. Sanders, Cornell University

Version:  View help for Version V1

Name File Type Size Last Modified
  analysis 09/07/2022 07:00:PM
  build 09/07/2022 07:00:PM
  data 09/07/2022 06:58:PM
  latex 10/11/2022 10:12:PM
  output 09/07/2022 06:58:PM
  renv 09/08/2022 06:41:AM
  temp 09/07/2022 06:58:PM
0.0.RUN_ALL.R text/x-rsrc 1 KB 09/07/2022 02:58:PM
0.1.install_and_load_packages.R text/x-rsrc 2.3 KB 09/07/2022 02:58:PM
lead-education.Rproj text/plain 190 bytes 09/07/2022 02:58:PM

Project Citation: 

Hollingsworth, Alex, Huang, Jiafang, Rudik, Ivan, and Sanders, Nicholas J. Data and Code for: A Thousand Cuts: Cumulative Lead Exposure Reduces Academic Achievement. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2022-11-21. https://doi.org/10.3886/E179422V1

Project Description

Summary:  View help for Summary
We study how ambient lead exposure impacts learning in elementary school by leveraging a natural experiment where a large national automotive racing organization switched from leaded to unleaded fuel. We find increased levels and duration of exposure to lead negatively affect academic performance, shift the entire academic performance distribution, and negatively impact both younger and older children. The average treated student in our setting has an expected income reduction of $5,200 in present value terms. Avoiding said treatment has an effect size similar to improving teacher value added by one-fourth of a standard deviation, reducing class size by 3 students, or increasing school spending per pupil by $750. The marginal impacts of lead are larger in impoverished, non-white counties, and among students with greater duration of exposure, even after controlling for the total quantity of exposure. 

Scope of Project

Subject Terms:  View help for Subject Terms lead; air pollution; education; test scores; children
Geographic Coverage:  View help for Geographic Coverage Florida
Time Period(s):  View help for Time Period(s) 2003 – 2014


Related Publications

Download this project

Published Versions

V1 [2022-11-21]

Export Metadata

Dublin Core

DDI 2.5

Report a Problem

Found a serious problem with the data, such as disclosure risk or copyrighted content? Let us know.

This material is distributed exactly as it arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.