Data and Code for: When Externalities Collide: Influenza and Pollution
Principal Investigator(s): View help for Principal Investigator(s) Josh Graff Zivin, University of California, San Diego, NBER; Matthew Neidell, Columbia University, NBER; Nicholas Sanders, Cornell University, NBER; Gregor Singer, London School of Economics
Version: View help for Version V1
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Project Citation:
Project Description
Influenza and air pollution each pose significant health risks with global economic consequences. Their shared etiological pathways present a case of compounding health risk via interacting externalities. Using instrumental variables based on changing wind direction, we show increased levels of contemporaneous pollution increase influenza hospitalizations. We exploit random variation in effectiveness of the influenza vaccine as an additional instrument to show vaccine protection neutralizes this relationship. Thus, pollution control and vaccination campaigns jointly provide greater returns than those implied by addressing either in isolation. We show the importance of this consideration in addressing observed gaps in influenza incidence by race.
Scope of Project
I11 Analysis of Health Care Markets
I12 Health Behavior
Q53 Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling
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